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术后镇痛|右美托咪定+左旋布比卡因,镇痛效果会叠加吗?

2021-09-07 19:10 来源:明珠号 人民资讯

本文由“小麻哥的日常”授权转载

术后疼痛是手术患者都会面临的一个问题,良好的术后镇痛对于患者的早期康复、减少并发症的发生率都很重要!但镇痛方案及药物还有待进一步改进和完善!

摘要译文

右旋美托咪定联合左旋布比卡因关节内注射对关节镜半月板手术后疼痛的影响:一项前瞻性、双盲、随机、安慰剂对照临床试验

目的:

本研究的目的是确定在关节镜下半月板切除术后关节内左旋布比卡因中加入右美托咪定对术后疼痛水平和镇痛需求的影响。

方法:

60名ASA I-II患者,年龄20-62岁,计划在全麻下进行关节镜下半月板部分切除术。所有患者随机分为四组(每组15名患者):

第一组(8名男性,7名女性;平均年龄=46.70±13.13岁;0.9%NS 20ml),

第2组(男7例,女8例;平均年龄=42.60±12.18岁;左旋布比卡因0.5 mg/kg加0.9%NS 20ml),

第3组(8男7女;平均年龄=43.80±12.63岁;1μg/kg右美托咪定加0.9%NS 20ml),

第4组(7名女性,8名男性;平均年龄=40.40±11.79岁;左旋布比卡因0.5 mg/kg加1μg/kg右美托咪定和0.9%NS 20ml)。

所有药物均在关节镜手术结束时使用。

术后1、2、4、6、12和24小时,采用视觉模拟量表(VAS)和言语评定量表(VRS)测量疼痛程度。

结果:

术后1、2、4、6、12和24小时,第4组静息状态下的VAS评分显著低于其他组。

与其他组相比,第4组首次服用止痛药的时间显著延长(964±288分钟),而第4组的总止痛药消耗量显著降低。

结论:

尽管在关节镜下半月板部分切除术后,单独使用右美托咪定关节内给药可能比使用左旋布比卡因关节内给药对术后疼痛缓解的作用弱,在左旋布比卡因关节内注入右美托咪定可增加术后镇痛的持续时间和质量,且无任何副作用。

证据级别:

I级,治疗性研究。

重点词汇释义

meniscus弯月面;半月板

clinical trial临床试验

meniscectomy半月板切除术

general anesthesia全身麻醉

one of…之一

原文摘要

Effect ofadding dexmedetomidine to intra-articular levobupivacaine on postoperative painfollowing arthroscopic meniscus surgery: A prospective, double-blind,randomized, placebo- controlled, clinical trial

Objective:

The aim of this study wasto determine the effect of adding dexmedetomidine to intra-articularlevobupivacaine on postoperative pain levels and analgesic requirementsfollowing arthroscopic meniscectomy.

Methods:

A total of 60 AmericanSociety of Anesthesiologist physical status I-II patients, aged 20 to 62 years,and scheduled for arthroscopic partial meniscectomy under general anesthesiawere included in this study. All the patients were randomly assigned to one offour groups (15 patients in each group): Group 1 (8 male, 7 female; mean age =46.70 ± 13.13 years; 0.9% isotonic 20 ml), group 2 (7 male, 8 female; mean age= 42.60 ± 12.18 years; levobupivacaine 0.5 mg/kg plus 0.9% isotonic), group 3(8 male, 7 female; mean age = 43.80 ± 12.63 years; 1μg/kg dexmedetomidine plus0.9% isotonic), and group 4 (7 female, 8 male; mean age = 40.40 ± 11.79 years;levobupivacaine 0.5 mg/kg plus 1μg/kg dexmedetomidine and 0.9% isotonic). Allmedications were administered at the end of arthroscopic surgery. Pain levelswere measured using a Visual Analogous Scale (VAS) and Verbal Rating Scale(VRS) at postoperative 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 hours.

Results:

VAS scores at rest weresignificantly lower in Group 4 at postoperative 1th, 2nd, 4th, 6th,12th, and24th hours than in other groups. The time to take the first analgesic wassignificantly higher in Group4 (964 ± 288 min), and total analgesic consumptionwas significantly lower in Group 4 compared to those of other groups.

Conclusion:

Although administration ofintra-articular dexmedetomidine alone may have a weaker effect than intra-articularlevobupivacaine on postoperative pain relief after arthroscopic partialmeniscectomy, adding dexmedetomidine to intra-articular levobupivacaine mayincrease the durationand quality of postoperative analgesia without any sideeffect.

Level ofevidence:

Level I, Therapeutic Study.

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